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Therefore, two cytoplasmatic proteins with the activity of tyrosine kinase associated with IFNAR, activated Jak1 and tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2), are activated by the dimerization of the receptors. The principal signaling mechanism used by IFN-a is the so-called Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway.
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Īfter the binding with its specific receptor (IFNAR) on the surface of the target cells, IFN-a activates an intracellular signaling cascade, which takes the induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), establishing a non-virus-specific antiviral state inside the cell. The only difference between IFN-a 2a and IFN-a 2b is in the amino acid present at position 23 of the protein: IFN-a 2a has a lysine at that position, whereas IFN-a 2b has an arginine. Ĭommercially, IFN-a is produced by means of recombinant DNA techniques and is available in preparations of two distinct subtypes (IFN-a 2a or IFN-a 2b), which can be combined with other molecules, such as polyethylene glycolor, more recently, albumin. Therefore, IFNs have an indirect antiviral effect on HCV. Its mechanism of biological action occurs through the activation of specific genes, influencing cell growth and division, as well as modulating some immune system activities. The IFN-á protein presents antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activity. The IFNs are a family of proteins that are naturally produced by the cells of the immune system.
However, it is still based on the use of interferon alpha (IFN-a) as an antiviral and immunomodulatory agent against the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C has developed considerably in recent years. Pharmacological Characteristics of Interferons and Ribavirin Laboratory of Hepatitis, LIM 47 DCMIP-HC-FMUSP São Paulo, SP, Brazil Basic aspects of the treatment for hepatitis C: mechanisms of action of interferon alpha and ribavirin and the bases of individualizationĬarlos Eduardo de Melo Evaldo Stanislau Affonso de Araújo Antonio Alci Barone